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ACHIEVEMENTS:
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The world continues to progress towards gender parity in education as measured by the ratio of girls’ to boys’ gross enrolment. In the developing regions as a whole, 96 girls were enrolled in primary school for every 100 boys in 2008, compared to 91 in 1990. (World Bank Group Statistics)
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The ratio of girls’ to boys’ enrolment globally at the higher education level rose from 96 in 1999 to 108 in 2007 (UN MDG Report 2009)
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CHALLENGES:
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Gender gap in school enrolment is much more evident in secondary education, where many more countries are legging behind.The gap is especially wide in countries in which overall enrolment is low, since increases in secondary school enrolment tend to be accompanied by reductions in gender disparities. Many factors have contributed to progress, including increased primary school enrolment and completion for girls and falling poverty rates. In numerous countries, public policy has also played a pivotal role.
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Sub-Saharan Africa requires the most profound and immediate actions. Ratio of girls’ to boys’ enrolment in secondary education fell from 82 in 1999 to 79 in 2007. Similarily, In Oceania the ration dropped from 89 do 87 for the same period of time. Significant disparities in enrolment ratios within different social groups
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An analysis of primary school attendance in 108 developing countries by location of residence and household wealth reveals that gender parity has been reached in urban areas and among the richest 40 per cent of households. In contrast, girls are more likely to be excluded from primary education in rural localities and when they reside in the poorest households. Also, in sub-Saharan Africa the excluded girls are likely to be from a tribe other than the dominant one. In South Asia they are often from scheduled castes and tribes. In East Asia and the Pacific they come from hill tribes, Muslim minorities or other ethnic groups (Children and the MDGs, UN report)
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